I found it! For future readers (including myself):
I had to enable the ELRS/CRSF not only in
SYS --> HARDWARE --> Internal RF
but also in
MDL --> SETUP --> Internal RF
After that, choosing the ExpressLRS Lua script in the home screen gave a menu with all sorts of options.
I then simply plugged/unplugged the RX three times until I had a double blink of the led on the RX and then I chose [bind]
in the Lua script on the TX. The led on the RX then had a solid/stable green led, which means it’s binded.
Finally, as described here I set the parameters in ArduPilot using QGroundControl to the following (in my case SERIAL5 for TELEM3 on the Pixhawk 6c, for different ports look here)
SERIAL5_PROTOCOL = 23 (RCIN)
RSSI_TYPE = 3 (ReceiverProtocol)
A reboot of the Pixhawk later I could see the manual input from my radio tx in QGroundControl.
Thanks for your time and tips!