Whether multi rotor can support adaptive controller?

[ardupilot/ at plane-adaptive-control3 · tridge/ardupilot · GitHub]

Yes, it can. And there are a couple of custom controllers already available:
https://ardupilot.org/dev/docs/copter-adding-custom-controller.html

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I want to ask if there is L1 adaptive control on multi rotor

There are only the controllers described on that page.